Wall St closes up ahead of inflation data

US stocks eked out modest gains and all three indexes posted another weekly advance as investors parsed comments from Federal Reserve officials and looked ahead to crucial inflation data next week.

The S&P 500 and the Dow were modestly higher and the Nasdaq ended essentially unchanged. All three indexes were up for the week with the blue-chip Dow nabbing its largest Friday-to-Friday percentage advance since mid-December.

Commentary from several Fed officials helped set expectations as market participants looked toward next week's inflation data.

"Nobody really wants to take a big position prior to next week," said Chuck Carlson, chief executive officer at Horizon Investment Services in Hammond, Indiana.

"And we're getting into a time of year where people seem to slip out early on Fridays."

"The biggest story is the decline in Consumer Sentiment, but outside of that there isn't much to hang your hat on," Carlson added.

Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic acknowledged recent clues the economy is slowing, but added the timing of rate cuts remains uncertain.

Striking a more hawkish tone, Dallas Fed President Lorie Logan said it was unclear whether monetary policy was tight enough to bring inflation down to the central bank's two per cent target.

Hints of progress toward that target will come next week when the Labor Department releases its Consumer and Producer price indexes (CPI and PPI).

Analysts expect the crucial CPI report to show underlying "core" price of 3.6 per cent year-on-year, which would be the coolest reading in over three years.

"The Fed is geared not to raise rates but cut them, so 'higher for longer' is about as dire as it's going to unless things really fall off the table," said Paul Nolte, senior wealth adviser & market strategist at Murphy & Sylvest in Elmhurst, Illinois.

On Friday, the University of Michigan's preliminary take on May Consumer Sentiment showed the mood of the American consumer has taken its biggest monthly plunge since August 2021, while near- and long-term inflation expectations heated up.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average rose 125.08 points, or 0.32 per cent, to 39,512.84, the S&P 500 gained 8.6 points, or 0.16 per cent, to 5,222.68 and the Nasdaq Composite dropped 5.40 points, or 0.03 per cent, to 16,340.87.

Of the 11 major sectors in the S&P 500, consumer staples enjoyed the largest percentage gains, while consumer discretionary shares were the laggards.

First-quarter earnings season is approaching its finish line. Of the 459 of the companies in the S&P 500 that have reported, 77 per cent delivered consensus-beating results, according to LSEG data.

Nvidia gained 1.3 per cent after Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co, the world's largest chipmaker and a major supplier to Nvidia, reported a near 60 per cent jump in April sales.

Novavax shares surged 98.7 per cent in the wake of the vaccine maker's licensing deal worth up to $1.2 billion with Sanofi.

SoundHound AI jumped 7.2 per cent after beating first-quarter revenue estimates.

Declining issues outnumbered advancing ones on the NYSE by a 1.10-to-1 ratio; on Nasdaq, a 1.59-to-1 ratio favoured decliners.

The S&P 500 posted 58 new 52-week highs and one new low; the Nasdaq Composite recorded 95 new highs and 105 new lows.

Volume on US exchanges was 9.47 billion shares, compared with the 10.87 billion average for the full session over the last 20 trading days.